Öntözött és öntözetlen csemegekukorica vízmérlegének vizsgálata súlyliziméterekben
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17108/ActAgrOvar.2026.67.1.6Kulcsszavak:
súlyliziméter, evapotranszspiráció, vízhasznosítási hatékonyság, öntözésirányítás, csemegekukoricaAbsztrakt
A súlyliziméterek alkalmas eszközök a talaj-víz-növény-környezet rendszerek komplex vizsgálatára. A növényi vízigény és a vízhasznosítási hatékonyság (WUE) pontos meghatározása elengedhetetlen az öntözéstervezéshez. 2025-ben Magyarországon a Debreceni Egyetem területén két súlylizimétert (Lx) állítottunk be a csemegekukorica (Zea mays convar. saccharata var. MS Erica) vizsgálatára öntözött (L1) és öntözetlen (L2) körülmények között. Szenzorok mérték a talajnedvességet, a talajhőmérsékletet és a meteorológiai adatokat. Májustól augusztusig a csapadék mennyisége 177 mm volt, míg az öntözés 190 mm (L1), illetve 50 mm (L2) volt. A kumulatív evapotranszspiráció az L1 esetében elérte a 447,6 mm-t, az L2 esetében pedig a 294,4 mm-t, így mindkét kezelés negatív vízmérleget mutatott a vizsgált időszak végére. A száraz biomassza tömege 2418 g (L1) és 1588 g (L2) volt, 6,6 és 7,0 g mm⁻¹ WUE-értékek mellett. Az eredmények rávilágítanak a hozamnövekedés és a vízhasznosítás közötti kompromisszumra. A dolgozatban bemutatott kutatás a Széchenyi Terv Plusz program keretében valósult meg, az RRF 2.3.1 21 2022 00008 számú projekt támogatásával.
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