A körforgásos gazdaság integrációs akadályai a települési szilárdhulladék-gazdálkodásban: szisztematikus áttekintés
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17108/ActAgrOvar.2026.67.1.146Kulcsszavak:
körforgásos gazdaság, települési szilárdhulladék-gazdálkodás, akadályok, globális, szisztematikus áttekintésAbsztrakt
A körforgásos gazdaságot a fenntartható fejlődés kulcsfontosságú eszközének tekintik, amely képes átalakítani a hagyományos gazdasági modellt, zártláncú rendszerként működtetni azt, és a „hulladékot” új termékek előállításához szükséges erőforrásként hasznosítani. A kutatási eredmények szisztematikusan tárgyalják az elméletet, beleértve a körforgásos gazdasági modell települési szilárdhulladék-gazdálkodási rendszerbe való integrációjának problémáit és akadályait is. Kettős perspektívából strukturálja a szakirodalomban található problémákat és akadályokat, amelyek bonyolítják, akadályozzák vagy akár késleltetik az integrációt. A tanulmány ezt 116 tudományos cikk öt – gazdasági, társadalmi, környezeti, technológiai és politikai – szempontból történő áttekintésével tette, figyelembe véve a hatékony települési szilárdhulladék-gazdálkodás szakaszait: hulladékkeletkezés; gyűjtés, válogatás; újrafelhasználás, újrahasznosítás, hulladékból való visszanyerés; végső hulladékártalmatlanítás. A szisztematikus áttekintés kimutatta, hogy a körforgásos gazdaság integrációjának számos gazdasági, társadalmi és környezeti akadálya mellett a technológiai és politikai akadályokat is figyelembe kell venni. Mindezek leküzdéséhez azonban először minden országban hatékony hulladékgazdálkodási rendszert kell működtetni. Ehhez a települési szilárdhulladék-gazdálkodás minden szakaszában először le kell küzdeni és megoldani az adott országra vonatkozóan a tanulmányban azonosított problémákat és akadályokat.
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