A biostimuláns mikroalgák dísznövények növekedésének és fejlődésének befolyásolására történő felhasználásának áttekintése
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17108/ActAgrOvar.2024.65.1.36Kulcsszavak:
abiotikus stressztűrés, biostimuláns, kertészet, dísznövények, organikus trágyák, mikroalgákAbsztrakt
A növény biostimulánsok koncepciója olyan anyagokra vagy mikroorganizmusokra utal, amelyeket a növény tápanyagfelvételének hatékonyságát, stressztűrésének és általános minőségének javítása érdekében használnak. A biostimulánsok közül a mikroalgák kivonatai gazdag bioaktív tartalmuk miatt keltenek egyre nagyobb figyelmet. A mikroalgák új lehetőségeket kínálnak a mezőgazdaságban, a szennyvízkezelésben, a gyógyszeriparban stb. Ezek az apró élőlények a szén-dioxid-leválasztásban, a bioremediációban és az értékes vegyületek előállításában betöltött szerepükről ismertek. A biostimulánsok különféle mechanizmusokon keresztül hatnak a növényekre, elősegítve a növekedést, a tápanyag-mobilizációt és a stresszrezisztenciát. A mikroalgákban bővelkedő aminosavak és fehérje-hidrolizátumok fokozzák a tápanyagfelvételt, és ozmoprotektánsként hatnak az olyan stresszel szemben, mint a nehézfémek és a sótartalom. A cserepes dísznövények vizuális megjelenése döntő szerepet játszik minőségük meghatározásában. Habár kutatások szerint a vásárlók preferálják a biotermesztésű növényeket, a dísznövények biotermelésének gazdasági életképessége megköveteli a termelési költségek és a piaci kereslet alapos mérlegelését. A fenntartható mezőgazdasági gyakorlatok iránti kereslet növekedésével a növényi biostimulánsok, különösen a mikroalgákból származó biostimulánsok alkalmazása ígéretes lehetőséget jelent a termelékenység növelésére, a talaj egészségének javítására és a környezeti problémák kezelésére, valamint az új Európai Uniós, növényvédő szerek alkalmazhatóságával kapcsolatos szabályzások által támasztott kihívások leküzdésére.
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